Signs of gum recession
The most obvious changes are gums that look shorter and tooth roots that show. Other signs include:
- Bad breath
- Bleeding after brushing or flossing
- Loose teeth
- Pain at the gum line
- Red, swollen gums
- Sensitivity to hot and cold, because the roots are exposed
Some people also worry about how their smile looks or about losing teeth.
What causes it
Poor oral health is the more common cause. Plaque buildup can inflame and infect thin gum tissue, and gingivitis and periodontal disease often show up as receding gums. Recession can also happen with good hygiene. Inherited traits can affect how teeth sit and how thick the gums are. Brushing too hard, piercings and damage from earlier dental work are other causes.
Who is at risk
The four most common risk factors are age, tobacco, diabetes and genetics. One study found recession in 88% of people 65 and older, and in about half of adults 18 to 64 at one or more sites. Smoking and misaligned teeth also raise the risk. If your gums are pink and firm, there is no need to worry.
Treatment options
Mild recession may need no treatment. When treatment is needed, options include:
- Composite restoration: tooth-colored resin that covers the exposed root and can close dark gaps between teeth.
- Desensitizing agents, varnishes and bonding agents: to reduce root sensitivity and make brushing easier.
- Orthodontics: slowly moving a tooth can improve the gum margin over time.
- Pink porcelain or composite: gum-colored material that fills the gaps.
- Removable gum veneers: usually acrylic or silicone, placed in the gaps.
- Surgery: more severe cases may need a gum graft.
You may also be interested in gum contouring and gum disease treatment.
Preventing recession
Good daily care is the best prevention. Brush at least twice a day with a soft-bristled brush, floss daily and see your dentist twice a year, or more often if you are at risk. Ask us to check your brushing technique so you are not brushing too aggressively. A balanced diet and not smoking also lower your chances.
Do not wait. Exposed roots can decay quickly, which may lead to costly and painful treatment. Teeth get more sensitive, and your smile can look uneven. What looks like recession may also be gum disease that has gone unnoticed.
If you see your gums pulling back, schedule an evaluation: (781) 289-3331.
Common questions
Can I fix gum recession at home?
Receded gums do not grow back. Excellent hygiene can keep recession from getting worse, and there are treatments that change how the gum line looks.
How long can I wait to treat it?
Treat it as soon as you notice early signs. Without treatment, plaque, infection and gum disease can set in, and severe cases are likely to lead to tooth loss or jaw damage.
Which toothbrush is best?
We recommend a soft-bristled brush. Medium or hard bristles can wear enamel and irritate gums. The American Dental Association recommends soft brushes with angled or multi-layered bristles, and electric brushes.
Is recession linked to other health conditions?
Yes. It is linked to gingivitis, gum disease and periodontal disease, and to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Tell both your doctor and your dentist about all your health conditions.
Are there natural remedies?
Home remedies can be used alongside, not instead of, brushing, flossing, rinsing and regular dental visits.